The Fundamentals of Enumeration Essay Topics Revealed

The Fundamentals of Enumeration Essay Topics Revealed Understanding Enumeration Essay Topics You merely need a couple of problems as remember you don't have a lot of time and you want to spell out the difficulties. Another significant problem is the development of internet fraud and hacking. Instead, permit yourself to continue to forgive. Relevance of these years. The period protein quality denotes the proportion of essential amino acids (eaa) in a protein as compared with the ratio needed by the body. Essay exams are a beneficial tool for finding out if you're ready to sort through a big body of information, figure out what's critical, and explain the reason it's essential. Also consider that the quantity of interest in your topic is equivalent to the quantity of work you're going to be prepared to put into researching that topic. A fast search around the internet will yield different types, yet to keep this simple, it is a good concept to consider just these four. To b egin with, it enables you to organize your topic in a logical way. For instance, pornography sites may be accessible to them since they can register with a website and claim to be an adult. If you're discussing crime it might be the police. You won't be in a position to think of that man or woman or that specific circumstance the exact same again. The Most Popular Enumeration Essay Topics A lot of people have creative thoughts and find new approaches to trick the opposing players. Today women are extremely actively working in various fields of the nation. Indian society comprises many unique religions. All types of topics are available here. The details and listing make it simple for them to convey the actual message they would like to impart. The 2 items must fit together correctly dependent on the assessment directions. You've come to the proper place! Incomplete answers can be finished during the review time. What Everybody Dislikes About Enumeration Essay Topics a nd Why You might also check out the way to outline an essay. Other forms of essays are totally discussed in the next section. You can take an informal essay. however, it still ought to have a strong structure. Since you may see, there isn't anything particularly difficult in writing definition essays. You will be certain to compose a powerful three paragraph essay when you stick to the above mentioned measures. Hence, it's advisable to make an outline at first before you get started making your essay. Research essay examples are some of the the essays you could clearly distinguish the amount of hierarchy of the topic. Use dashes sparingly in an official essay. By utilizing enumeration, writers lay emphasis on particular suggestions to elaborate them further. Joel begins his speech utilizing pathos to present an overall description of the representatives of this tier of society. Think about the conclusion more like a closing argument dependent on the points provided within the body. In that situation, use semicolons to separate the bigger ideas. The Downside Risk of Enumeration Essay Topics Confidence for a writer is imperative. When an article writer, you have to write like one. We only employ the very best academic writers. However, an academic writer needs to be mor e direct in explaining what aspect of their experiences which he or she is going to speak about. The last portion of the task includes a question that the essay MUST answer. Short-answer questions or statements are much like essay questions, except they may be answered with only a few words or sentences. While definitions will generally be just a sentence long, it's also feasible to compose a protracted definition which covers a paragraph or even a whole essay. By reading a set of the beneficial method of enumeration examples of two descriptions of reply. Dave Rice is learning on the job that appears to be a negative, but if you employ any very first year head coach, it's extremely difficult for this not to be true. Basketball is called a superior pastime in many people's eyes but may also be viewed as a passion for many others. It is a great way to get your mind off things and is also a great way to express yourself. At the very start, you will need to be quite acquainte d with your topic. It may also describe a procedure and move the reader step by step by means of a method. An astonishing quantity of info can be gathered utilizing this tool. In such an essay you will need to talk about the troubles with respect to a specific topic and suggest possible solutions to these difficulties. Type of Enumeration Essay Topics You're predicted to translate, exemplify, solve, or comment upon the topic and usually to present your judgment or reaction to the issue. The intention is to make plain the conditions which give rise to whatever you're examining. The point is, life would appear to be far easier if everyone could demonstrate somewhat more love. The solution in part lies in a reversal of motive. Enumeration Essay Topics Options Web content article writing has turned into an extremely intriguing industry today. Companies must also enhance their onsite IT security systems to earn fraud and hacking much more challenging by undertaking thorough re views of their existing systems for weaknesses. To be able to qualify as true, all sections of the statement has to be true.

Article Review - “How Motivation Affects Learning and...

Article Review - â€Å"How Motivation Affects Learning and Behaviour† by J.E. Ormrod This article reveals six effects of motivation towards Learning and Behaviour. To begin with, intrinsic and extrinsic motivations are introduced as two major motivations that drive a person in their actions. When I bumped onto this article, I thought all points in this article are prior knowledge of everybody in education field. Until I found other articles that made my eyes opened and starting to disagree. The contradiction theory of motivation is proposed by A.J M. Marr in his article, The Phony Controversy . He said that the fact that intrinsic and extrinsic motivational processes represent nothing more than metaphorical piece that has nothing to do with†¦show more content†¦Whether you agree there are 16 desires or not, he said there is not any way to reduce all of these desires to just two types. Grabmeier’s example of proving uncertainty of intrinsic motivation existence; For example, many studies have purportedly shown how people who enjoy doing a specific activity – such as children who enjoy drawing – do that activity less after they are offered rewards. But when the results show the subjects continue the activity even after the rewards are offered, the researchers have argued that this just shows the subjects expect to get a reward and no longer are intrinsically motivated. But sometimes, intrinsic and extrinsic motivation can be coincidentally in one situation. For instance, Farris is a Guitar Hero game addict and one day he found out the game is promoted on a fun fair. He played on his best and scored the highest mark because he is naturally likes that game. The second reason is a girl beaten him on that game previously. There Are No Effects without Causes Nevertheless, it is impossible to claim that motivation doesn’t exist while its effects are being explained in detail in the stated article. Effects of motivation as suggested by Ormrod ; 1. Motivation directs behaviour toward particular goals 2.

Factors Consider When Choosing Sample Size â€Myassignmenthelp.Com

Question: Discuss About The Factors To Consider When Choosing A Sample Size? Answer: Introducation One of the advantages of a large sample size is that it helps in reducing the margin of error hence improving the accuracy of the results from the sample. According to Cleary et al (2014), this will always make the population parameter to lie within the confidence interval of the point estimator. Being that the sample size chosen for the survey was 15,000, it was most likely to obtain more accurate information from the bank workers pertaining stress as compared to when smaller sample size would have been used by the two research institutions i.e. Katholike Universteit Leuven and the private company in Belgium. Additionally, large sample sizes are important in that they are representative of the wider range of elements contained in the population. Due to this therefore, all or most of the outliers will be captured in the sample unlike when the sample is size is small Belli et al (2014). One major disadvantage of large sample is its costly nature. Reaching and covering a wider proportion of the population involves high expense incurred in the process Goodman et al (2013). The Union of Belgian Banks would therefore incur much through the assigned research institutes in the data collection from the targeted 15,000 bank workers. Being that the participants were not found from the same bank institution, the process would also be time consuming to get to various parts of the country for other bank workers. Cost that will be involved in obtaining the sample is one among other factors that should be considered when coming up with which sample size to use in a survey. The risk involved in the values collected from the sample will also act as the determinant of the sample size i.e. if only the risk value matters in the collected values then as a result therefore, low risk values will call for large sample sizes. Prior information about the topic of study will also help in either reducing or increasing the sample size since prior estimates of means and variances will be used to help dealing with variation that could be found within groups (Button et al, 2013). Sampling Methods Sampling method is the process by which representative groups are selected from the population that is being studied. In the selection of the 15,000 bank workers for the sample by the research institutions, they used stratified sampling method. One of the advantages of the currently used sampling method by the institutions is that the sampling method minimizes sampling errors Ye et al (2013). This is achieved though dividing the population into subgroups called strata. The strata are spread to ensure that each characteristic of the population is represented by the strata and having the elements in each stratum selected by simple random sampling hence reducing sample selection bias. Also, stratified sampling method ensures that the targeted population is highly represented in the sample. Difficulty to identify ways of subdividing the population into subpopulations makes it at times unusable by the researchers, where this forms one of the major disadvantages. Additionally, stratified s ampling method is time consuming where a lot of time is spent in the identification of the strata and then later select the sample from each strata through simple random sampling method (Acharya et al, 2013). In relation to the situation at hand, the research institutions i.e. the private specialized company in stress at work and Katholike Universteit Leuven, they first had to identify all the bank institutions in Belgium then divide the workers according to their bank institutions to form strata where further, the workers were now to be selected from the bank institutions through simple random sampling method to provide equal chances of obtaining the workers that will form the useable subset of the population. In order to improve the effectiveness of this sampling method (stratified sampling method), I therefore suggest that the number of strata to be increased. This will increase from where sampling of the individuals in the population will be selected hence representing almost th e entire population thus reducing the marginal error in sampling. Research Design Cross-sectional design is a tool used by the researchers to obtain specific point time information from the collected data. It has some of the advantages and disadvantages. One of the advantages as noted by (Shen and Bjrk, 2015) is that the cross-sectional research design through cross-sectional study can help in ascertaining the worthiness of assumptions in the study. Also, as compared to other research designs, cross-sectional design is less time consuming. Since information is for specific point time of the already collected information, it therefore take cross-sectional research design less time to identify information of interest. Furthermore, the research design inexpensive. Unlike cross-sectional research design, longitudinal design has the potential to display the pattern of variable or variables for a certain period of time as it major advantage. Disadvantages of cross-sectional design is that it cannot be relied on to predict the relationship between and the findings this is due to it lacking the time element since it only measures point time information. Prevalence as a result of extended period of time cases, these are seen from the cases that exist for a long period of time and they may be perceived less serious. On the other hand therefore, longitudinal research design is more expensive since it covers a long period of time. Longitudinal design is as well time consuming due to its ability to predict pattern over period of time. Also, when the expected outcomes are less, longitudinal design becomes less efficient (Shen and Bjrk, 2015). Procedure of Data Collection In the collection of data from the bank workers, the research institutions used questionnaires that were structured with questions where the respondents were only required to give their responses on the provided spaces. Just like any other method of data collection methods, collection of data through questionnaires face some of the problems that need to be addressed. According to Chernick et al (2011), respondents dishonesty is one of the major problems that questionnaires have. Respondents can decide not to be truthful when they are responding to the questions with the fear that their identities can be disclosed to the public. This can tamper with the accuracy and reliability of the results if such happens in the process of data collection. To eradicate this problem, the researcher is supposed to assure the participants who take part in the process that their privacy is highly valued and that they be kept private without access of any unauthorized persons. When this is effected, such problems would not reoccur or they will reduce in future. Being that the questionnaires were prepared by the research institutions and distributed to various banks in the country, there was no physical touch or face to face communication between the researchers and he respondents, the respondents will respond to the questions according to their own understanding of the questions and interpretations. For the same results intended by the subject of study, the questions if not clarified may not result to the common understanding. This can be as a result of unclear questions to the respondents. This problem therefore can be dealt with by the researcher through creating or composing questions that are easy and simple to understand and answer. Difficulty of the questions to analyze is another problem that questionnaires have. When constructing the questions in the questionnaire, if the questionnaire happen to contain so many open ended questions, this will call for the opinion of the respondents hence cannot be coded during the analysis process. This occur more often whenever there are open ended questions and peoples opinions vary from one individual to another thus resulting to too much data that cannot be handled with ease and analyzed. This problem therefore can be dealt with and corrected by coming up with good question types that are close ended and that will allow for multiple choices that can be coded for easy analysis. Face to face communication has been so effective in that one can be able see the emotions of a person through facial expressions, but with questionnaires it is difficult to capture such emotional responses that are expressed by the respondents especially when the questionnaire is administered thus data that could be observed from the respondents on their body language would be lost or go unnoticed. This particular type of problem can be combated by constructing questionnaires that have Likert scale that would be used to rate the attitude, feelings or emotions of the respondents. At some times, the provided questions in the questionnaires are not always responded to. The respondents may decide to skip some of the questions due to their own reasons and submit the questionnaire forms with the skipped questions unanswered. For the case of online survey, they normally come with clear solution to such kind of problem. They simply make all the fields for the questions required without which the respondent cannot proceed to the next step or the form cannot be submitted. But for the case of our research question questionnaires, we can combat this problem by constructing uncomplicated questions and above all make the survey short, this will help increase the completion rates. Accessibility to the questionnaires is another major problem that is faced when data is collected using questionnaires. Questionnaires do not always take care of people with some forms of disabilities such as visual or hearing impairment. Such people are not suitable to use the questionnaires and this can be corrected by using questionnaires whose accessibility options are built in. Secondary Data Secondary data are second hand information that are obtained from the database archives. Depending on the subject of study, secondary data that will be used must be relevant to the subject of study. Also, before the secondary data is used to check for the representativeness of the sample, competency and accuracy of the data to the subject of the study must be first checked and confirmed, this is according to Piwowar and Vision (2013). Using secondary gives the researcher a clear picture of what he/ she expects and therefore saves time. Most of the secondary data are always obtained from the databases where they are stored making their retrieval easy and cheaper as compared to collecting primary data. Secondary data that were funded and collected by the government are in most cases involving large samples which result to the increased statistical precision since larger proportion of the population is represented. Understanding secondary data can be done through reading the manuals that are stored alongside the data where thereafter they should be prepared for use in checking for representativeness. All variables and the treatment of missing data should be appropriately addressed to hold the meaning of data. Suitable sampling design mostly probabilistic sampling designs are supposed to be applied where since the sample is large, stratified sampling method is seen appropriate since it always represent more items from the population. Statistical analysis to be used is supposed to be ensured that it reflects the sampling design that was used where the point estimates such as means, variance and standard deviations should be in a manner that they cater for unequal sampling probabilities. The obtained secondary point estimators are then compared to the primary point estimators of the subject of study. If they are onto each other or too close to one another, then there will be confidence that the ob tained point estimators are the reflection of the population parameter and thus the data is representative. References Acharya, A.S., Prakash, A., Saxena, P. and Nigam, A., 2013. Sampling: Why and how of it.Indian Journal of Medical Specialties,4(2), pp.330-333. Belli, S., Newman, A.B. and Ellis, R.S., 2014. Velocity dispersions and dynamical masses for a large sample of quiescent galaxies at z 1: Improved measures of the growth in mass and size.The Astrophysical Journal,783(2), p.117. Button, K.S., Ioannidis, J.P., Mokrysz, C., Nosek, B.A., Flint, J., Robinson, E.S. and Munaf, M.R., 2013. Power failure: why small sample size undermines the reliability of neuroscience.Nature Reviews Neuroscience,14(5), pp.365-376. Chernick, M.R., Gonzlez-Manteiga, W., Crujeiras, R.M. and Barrios, E.B., 2011. Bootstrap methods. InInternational Encyclopedia of Statistical Science(pp. 169-174). Springer Berlin Heidelberg. Cleary, M., Horsfall, J. and Hayter, M., 2014. Data collection and sampling in qualitative research: does size matter?.Journal of advanced nursing,70(3), pp.473-475. Goodman, J.K., Cryder, C.E. and Cheema, A., 2013. Data collection in a flat world: The strengths and weaknesses of Mechanical Turk samples.Journal of Behavioral Decision Making,26(3), pp.213-224. Khberger, A., Fritz, A. and Scherndl, T., 2014. Publication bias in psychology: a diagnosis based on the correlation between effect size and sample size.PloS one,9(9), p.e105825. Piwowar, H.A. and Vision, T.J., 2013. Data reuse and the open data citation advantage.PeerJ,1, p.e175. Shen, C. and Bjrk, B.C., 2015. Predatoryopen access: a longitudinal study of article volumes and market characteristics.BMC medicine,13(1), p.230. Ye, Y., Wu, Q., Huang, J.Z., Ng, M.K. and Li, X., 2013. Stratified sampling for feature subspace selection in random forests for high dimensional data. Pattern Recognition,46(3), pp.769-787.

Week 1 Marketing an Example of the Topic Business Essays by

Week 1 Marketing The definition of marketing is rather vague; moreover, different professionals tend to define marketing, using different terms. Marketing should be a necessary element of the organizations sales function: it is the critical element that forms close business ties between customers and sellers, helps firms grow their customers and deliver critical customer value. Planning is integral to marketing; similarly, marketing is impossible without planning. Throughout the history of marketing, since the marketing department era, all marketing activities have been brought under control of one department or one marketing specialist. Planning in marketing was and is required to integrate all marketing activities with the firms obligations and strategic goals. The benefits of marketing are not limited to planning opportunities; organizations use marketing mix to deliver the benefits of their products to consumers and to monitor the effectiveness of various marketing procedures. With the need to ex pand our presence in the market, and with the need to promote continuous growth, marketing will link consumer needs to the strategic business goals, creating a cohesive business environment, expanding the benefits and increasing profitability of businesses and consumers. Need essay sample on "Week 1 Marketing" topic? We will write a custom essay sample specifically for you Proceed 1. The definition of marketing is rather vague; moreover, different professionals tend to define marketing, using different terms. Kotler and Keller (2006) state that marketing deals with identifying and meeting human and social needs. One of the shortest definitions of marketing is meeting needs profitably (Kotler & Keller, 2006). In other words, marketing turns economic and social needs of customers into material profits. Companies that are able to utilize the benefits of the marketing look at customers through the prism of their social needs, producing services and products that can further satisfy these needs. In this context, Kotler and Keller (2006) distinguish between the social and managerial definition of marketing: a social definition implies the role of marketing as the instrument for satisfying the needs of society, while a managerial definition implies the role of marketing as the instrument for increasing the quality of life. Incorporating marketing into the organizations sales has several benefits. First, marketing drives consumer interest toward the product or service. Second, marketing positively impacts the quality of life and the standards of economic growth (Perreault-McCarthy, 2004). Third, marketing involves a flow of need-satisfying offering from producer to a customer (Perreault-McCarthy, 2006); that means that marketing turns into favorable environment, where customer and producer are able to come to an agreement regarding the price, the quality and the type of the required product. The problem is that marketing is not visible to the public; as a result, not all customers feel that they are legally protected from the unfair marketing approaches. Despite these small inconsistencies, marketing should be a necessary element of the organizations sales function: it is the critical element that forms close business ties between customers and sellers, helps firms grow their customers and deliver criti cal customer value. 2. Planning is integral to marketing; similarly, marketing is impossible without planning. Throughout the history of marketing, since the marketing department era, all marketing activities have been brought under control of one department or one marketing specialist. Planning in marketing was and is required to integrate all marketing activities with the firms obligations and strategic goals. Now, in the marketing company era, it is a time when, in addition to short-run marketing planning, marketing people develop long-range plans sometimes five or more years ahead and the whole company effort is guided by the marketing concept (Perreault-McCarthy, 2004). As a result, planning has turned into a relevant and reliable approach to marketing. Planning helps companies concentrate their efforts and turn customers into potential sources of the companys profit. Marketing orientation substantially improves, when companies are able to integrate effective planning procedures with the companys daily activities. To make customers buy what the firm produces and offers means to develop reliable planning marketing tactics, which will help evaluate customer needs and tie those needs to the companys goals. Marketing is a logical process, and planning forms a complex strategic vision of marketing opportunities, target markets, marketing strategies, marketing programs, and marketing efforts. Planning is essential for creating and maintaining stable marketing environment that will help satisfy the critical needs of customers (Kotler & Keller, 2004). The companys department should produce formal marketing plans for several reasons. First, planning is the key to systematizing the knowledge and information about customers, needs, and companys marketing resources. Second, planning is the key to concentrating and utilizing the benefits of the various types of marketing forces, including demographic, technical, political, and social environment. Third, planning is the key to developing holistic marketing concepts, including relationship marketing, integrated marketing, socially responsible marketing, and internal marketing (Kotler everything matters, when customer needs should be satisfied. 3. The benefits of marketing are not limited to planning opportunities; organizations use marketing mix to deliver the benefits of their products to consumers and to monitor the effectiveness of various marketing procedures. For example, the promotion element is the key to developing effective advertising strategies and identifying the needs of consumers. The use of marketing mix is very important in consumer electronics: for example, to advertise its PlayStation 2 and 3, Sony used non-personal media approaches (sports, series, and personal Sony TV). In this way, Sony was targeting consumers, who would be interested in purchasing its new game products (Dru, 2007). Marketing mix has led Sony to the development and implementation of highly efficient distribution channels: customers were and are encouraged to purchase Sony products from the companys direct and recognized retailers (Dru, 2007). Marketing mix forms the basis for turning quantifiable elements for evaluating the quality of the companys performance and its business progress (e.g., the number of new customers may help interpret the effectiveness of place and price elements within the companys marketing mix). As long as marketing mix involves the four essential components (product, place, price, and promotion), marketing itself will remain one of the most powerful elements impacting our daily lives. With the need to expand our presence in the market, and with the need to promote continuous growth, marketing will link consumer needs to the strategic business goals, creating a cohesive business environment, expanding the benefits and increasing profitability of businesses and consumers. References Dru, J.M. (2007). How disruption brought order: the story of a winning strategy in the world of advertising. Palgrave Macmillan. Kotler, P. & Keller, K.L. (2006). Marketing management. 12th edition. Prentice Hall. Perreault-McCarthy. (2004). Basic marketing: a global-managerial approach. 15th ed. The McGraw-Hill Companies.

Using the French Prepositions En and Dans

Using the French Prepositions 'En' and 'Dans' In French, the prepositions en and dans both mean in, and they both express time and location. They are not, however, interchangeable.  Their usage depends on both meaning and grammar. How French Prepositions Work In French, prepositions  are generally words that  link two related parts of a sentence. They are usually placed in front of nouns or pronouns  to indicate a relationship between that  noun or pronoun and a verb, adjective  or noun that precedes it. Im talking to Jean.Je parle  Ã‚  Jean.She is from Paris.Elle est  de  Paris.The book is for you.  Le livre est  pour  toi. These small but powerful  words not only show relationships between words, they also refine the meanings of place (cities, countries, islands, regions, and U.S. states) and time (as with  pendant  and  durant); can follow adjectives and link them to the remainder of a sentence; can  never  end a sentence (as they can in English); can be difficult to translate into English and idiomatic; and can exist as a prepositional phrase, such as  au-dessus de  (above),  au-dessous de (below),  and  au milieu de (in the middle of). Some prepositions are also used after certain verbs to complete their meaning, such as  croire en  (to believe in),  parler   (to talk to) and  parler de  (to talk about).  Plus, prepositional phrases can be replaced by the adverbial pronouns  y  and  en. The following guidelines and examples delineate how and when to use two of the trickier French prepositions:  en and dans. Notice how they link two related parts of each sentence.   Examples of When  to Use En in French En expresses the length of time an action happens. As a result, the verb is usually in the present or past tense, as in Je peux faire le lit en cinq minutes.I can make the bed in five minutes.Il a lu le livre en une heure.  He read the book in an hour.Jai appris danser en un an.  I learned how to dance in a year. En  expresses when an action happens as it relates to the calendar: month, season, or year. Exception: au printemps. Nous voyageons en Avril. We travel in April.Il arrivera en hiver.  He will arrive in the winter. En  can mean in or to when followed directly by a noun that doesnt need an article: Vous allez en prison!  Youre going to prison!  Il est en classe.  Hes in school. En  can also mean  in or to when used with some  states, provinces, and countries, such as Jhabite en Californie.I live in California.Je vais en France. Im going to France. Examples of When to Use Dans Dans  indicates the amount of time before action will occur. Note that the verb is usually in the present or future, as in Nous partons dans dix minutes.Were leaving in 10 minutes.  Il reviendra dans une heure.Hell be back in an hour.  Elle va commencer dans une semaine. Shes going to start in a week. Dans  refers to something that occurs within or during a decade, as in Dans les annà ©es soixantes...In the sixties...Dans les annà ©es quatre-vingts...During the eighties... Dans  means in a location when followed by an article plus noun, such as Il est dans la maison.Hes in the house.  Quest-ce qui est dans la boà ®te? Whats in the box? Dans  also means in or to with some  states and provinces: Jhabite dans le Maine.I live in Maine.Je vais dans lOntario. ï » ¿Im going to Ontario.

Caffeine Typing Speed - Sample Science Fair Projects

Caffeine Typing Speed - Sample Science Fair Projects Purpose The purpose of this project is to determine whether taking caffeine affects typing speed. Hypothesis Typing speed is not affected by whether or not you take caffeine. (Remember: You cannot scientifically prove a hypothesis, however, you can disprove one.) Experiment Summary You are going to type the same text repeatedly for a specified length of time and compare how many words you typed before ingesting caffeine and afterward. Materials computera drink containing caffeine and another drink of the same type that does not contain caffeine (e.g., coffee and decaf coffee, diet cola and decaf diet cola)stopwatch or timer Experimental Procedure Drink the non-caffeinated beverage. Wait 30 minutes.Type The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. as many times as you can for 2 minutes. If you can, type using a word processing program that keeps track of how many words you have entered.Drink the caffeinated beverage. Wait 30 minutes. (The peak effects from taking caffeine tend to be felt around 30-45 minutes after taking it.)Type The quick brown fox jumped over the lazy dog. as many times as you can for 2 minutes.Compare the number of words you typed. Calculate words per minute by dividing the total number of words that were typed by the number of minutes (e.g., 120 words in 2 minutes would be 60 words per minute).Repeat the experiment, preferably a total of at least three times. Data Construct a table stating the type of drink and the number of words you could type in 2 minutes.Calculate your average typing speed (words per minute) for each drink. Results Did taking caffeine affect how quickly you could type? If it did, did you type more or fewer words under the influence of caffeine? Conclusions Was your hypothesis accepted or rejected? Can you propose an explanation for the outcome?Do you think you would get the same results if you had tested the effects of the caffeinated beverage first? Caffeine stays in your system for a few hours. When it wears off, some people report feeling crashed instead of normal.How do you think the results would be affected by changing the amount of caffeine? What do you think would happen if you took too much caffeine?Do you think you became better at typing the test sentence over time?If your word processor can track typing errors, did you note any difference in the accuracy of your typing after drinking the caffeinated beverage? Could you propose a hypothesis about the effect of caffeine use on typing accuracy? Things to Think About Caffeine occurs naturally in over 50 different types of plants, including coffee beans, tea leaves, cocoa beans, and kola nuts.Caffeine acts as a mild stimulant. Some studies have shown that taking caffeine may temporarily increase concentration, reasoning, and memory. However, the effects of caffeine wear off after a few hours and if you routinely take caffeine you will need to take more to get the same effect.Most adults are exposed to caffeine in coffee and energy drinks. Children are likely to get caffeine from energy drinks, soft drinks, tea, and chocolate. Amount of Caffeine in Common Products Product Caffeine (mg) coffee (8 oz) 65 - 120 Red Bull (8.2 oz) 80 tea (8 oz) 20 - 90 cola (8 oz) 20 - 40 dark chocolate (1 oz) 5 - 40 milk chocolate (1 oz) 1 - 15 chocolate milk (8 oz) 2 - 7 decaf coffee (8 oz) 2 - 4

Beggaining of catholic Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Beggaining of catholic - Essay Example Jesus of Nazareth was an itinerant preacher in Jerusalem during the Common Era’s early 30s. Catholicism is strongly founded on the death, resurrection and ascension of Jesus Christ. In this regard, the proclamation of Catholic Church is that the death of Jesus Christ was for intended for this church. In addition, Catholicism was built and established on by the apostles through Peter who is believed to have been given the Keys to Heaven’s Kingdom. Peter was also given the power to loosen and bind that which is bound in Heaven. At this point, the Catholics believe that Jesus gave Peter the obligation to serve as the head of the Church under the authority of Jesus (Norman, p.8). After Jesus’ resurrection, His mission of bringing salvation to man was complete. However, one would only obtain salvation through encounter with Jesus in baptism and becoming a disciple. This way, the church would be established. Holmes and Bicker reveal that with Peter as the church’s head, the other disciples assisted in the mission of disciples making in the world as Jesus had commanded. Through this mission, the word Catholic was used to mean universal, which also means the Catholic Church reaching around the world. The Pope and Bishops head the Catholic Church congregation. The roles of the Pope originated from Peter the church head, while the disciples were replaced with bishops. The Pope is considered to be the successor to have succeeded Peter whose grave is in Vatican City today. At first, the Roman Catholic Church in the Roman Empire was prohibited. In this empire, Christians were under terrible prosecutions. These conditions lasted for about three hundred years until the reign of Emperor Constantine (Vidmar, p.10). The conversion of Emperor Constantine into Catholicism made it legal and eventually recognized as the religion for the empire officially. Constantine legalized Christianity in A.D.

INDIA Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

INDIA - Essay Example Despite their superiority in the war field, other natural factors prevented them from capturing vast areas (Kulke & Rothemund, 34). The Vedic who lived along rivers settled and started doing cultivation. This led to a more settled life. The Vedic gave rise to the Indian culture. As people settled, different classes of people emerged. This was the start of the current caste system in India. The earlier Vedic were classified into Vish(ordinary people), Kshatriya(Warriors) and Rajan (chieftains). The chieftains were selected from the warriors (Kulke & Rothemund, 34). The late Vedic established kingdoms that were headed by a king. The Vedic introduced Buddhism and the Indians philosophy. The introduction of kingdoms led to the building of dynasties. The Vedic moved east and occupied Gangetic plains. This led to the development of Gangetic culture. Mahajanapada rose from the small kingdoms. The Majanapadas gave rise to states after asserting powers on others. Koshalla and Magadha are the few examples of states that were formed during that time. These states continued to expand in Northern India to form bigger Dynasties. Bimbisara of Magadha started the annexation of other states. The Nanda’s dynasty was the first to be formed which gave rise to the Mauryas headed by Chandragupta Maurya. The Gupta dynasty is referred as the golden age of India. It was one of the most successful dynasties. The Mughal Empire was set up by Muslim rulers who unified India. Baber helped the Muslims in capturing most parts of India. Some of the weapons used were brought from the west and helped in defeating its enemies (Kulke & Rothemund, 184). Delhi became the centre of the mogul empire. Akbar, who was uneducated but with a lot of wisdom, became one of the greatest leaders of Mogul empire. He conquered Gujarat and Bengal to grow the size of the Mogul empire. Southern India was fertile and different groups fought to control it. Southern India was close to the

Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies -- Expository Classificat

Physical, Occupational, and Speech Therapies      Ã‚  Ã‚   When many people hear the word "therapy," they think of something that has caused a problem and has to be fixed. In most cases, that is true. Most people think the problem may be an injury that has to be rehabilitated or an extreme mental problem where the person needs serious help. However, therapy does not always deal with injured or mentally troubled people. Three types of therapy that help a wide range of people with their problems are physical, occupational, and speech therapies. Physical therapy is the one that deals mostly with injuries and their rehabilitation. According to the Occupational Outlook Handbook, "Physical therapists provide services that help restore function, improve mobility, relieve pain, and prevent or limit permanent physical disabilities of patients suffering from injuries or disease" (205). Disabling conditions such as lower-back pain, cerebral palsy, arthritis, heart disease, and fractures, as well as physical injuries, are among the cases physical therapists often evaluate and treat. This therapy often includes strength-building exercises. Therapists in this field work on the person's flexibility, endurance, strength, balance, and coordination. Most therapy is done in specializing clinics or hospitals by a licensed physical therapist who has a bachelor's degree ("Physical"). Physical therapy is a fairly new practice of rehabilitation. The treatments were not widely practiced until after World War I when soldiers returned home with injuries that were able to be rehabilitated by this therapy. The profession immediately began to grow and has been popular in the U. S. since that time. The vocation is also expected to c... ...ese treatments and services. These therapies have been very beneficial to an abundance of people over the years. The outlook for therapists in these fields looks good as employment is expected to increase at a rate faster than average through 2008.    Works Cited "Occupational Therapists." Occupational Outlook Handbook. 2000-01 ed. U. S. Department of Labor, Jan. 2000. 202-03. "Physical Therapists." Occupational Outlook Handbook. 2000-01 ed. U. S. Department of Labor, Jan. 2000. 206. The Princeton Review. "Physical Therapist." Review.com. 2000. <http://www.review.com> 26 Oct. 2000. "Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists." Encyclopedia of Careers and Vocational Guidance. 10th ed. Vol. 4 Chicago: J. G. Ferguson, 1997. 551. ---. Occupational Outlook Handbook. 2000-01 ed. U. S. Department of Labor, Jan. 2000. 215.

History of Weapon Essay

A weapon simply means a device or a tool that is used to inflict injury upon opponents. It is used with application of effort manually or through electronic automation for the purpose of attack or defense in war. It could also be aimed at rendering the enemy’s weapons powerless by destroying their weapon with a superior gadget (Anthony1988). The simple force that is applied produces such a magnified effort that is capable of causing injury along the directed path. In the ages, weapon takes many forms on a chronological annul of history depending on technological advancement and discovery update in applied science. Most weapons used are designed purposefully to perform a particular task by the manufacturer in an engaging war or execution plan where there is no war. The simplicity of weapon model can appear in form of a club or taking form of a ballistic multipurpose missile with such a huge destructive capacity. Philosophically, there is an interesting side to the definition of the material weapon. Weapon is often metaphorically described as any means through which damage can be executed upon intended opposition party (Anthony1988). This means we could have a psychological weapon, a social weapon and other non physical tools. In more modern times, there has been development of non-deadly weapon by the paramilitary or security men for a mere incapacitation of targeted subject. Its advantage is found useful in a situation where criminal activities is rarely involved or to prevent accompanying damage to property and physical environments when used. In this study, we shall demonstrate how events over time led to technological advancement in weapon development from historical lane, paying more emphasis from the middle ages to the present days. Brief Review of Historical Weapons Figure 1: Picture displays arrays of bracelets, axe heads, chisels, and polishing tools (Anthony 1988). About 5 million years ago, a researcher in the University of Southern California demonstrated that chimpanzees communities are first to use â€Å"spears† as a weapon (Rick 2007). Following this is the use mystery is the deduction that primitive hominids must have equally used â€Å"clubs and staves† s weapon of war within their community (Craig 1776). The evolution of conflicts among man in fight for supremacy began with the use of modified primitive weapons used by hominids. Man also used this weapon to hunt in a wide bush for possession and the driving away of wild inhabitants of the deep forest. In the early years of human history is found the use of axes fashioned with strong stones as weapons to make attack. The archeologist discovered the use of earliest cache camping â€Å"wooden spears known as schoninger speere† (Hartmut 1997). This is dated to as far back as four hundred thousand years ago. The stone fashioned axes were soon replaced by fire-hardened materials around. Bow and arrow is comparative recent and dated to about sixty thousands years back The use of wooden darts is dated to the era of mid-Paleolithic age (Jill 2007 ). Weapons used in The Middle Ages (Early 19th Century) Figure 2: A Cannon in Ancient London The middle age is also known as the medieval era. Historical advancement in weapons can be categorized into inventories on weapons not in prehistoric existence and inventories in terms of modifications on the existing weapons for a better performance. Dominating the desire for advanced weapons was born out of the need for faster, more fulfilling and deadlier weapons. Middle ages weapon by far is a show of development military technological advancement over the ancient weapons. The significance of this development is in the improvement in the force applied in relation to the destructive measure achieved. Weapons are now developed to perform a closer specific action without unnecessary invasion of large volume of land. This was a major revolutionary record in the history of military achievements in the middle ages. Over the use of armed chariots and spoke wheel which lost importance in the fourth century, the medieval period was characterized with the use of two weapons. The middle age weapons development was noted for knights and cannon. Knights, an evolved technological advancement over ancient cavalry, are heavily armed horse ridden soldiers with developing military operation that negates the use of castle. There was development of large caliber gun powder called cannon. Cannons had a more technologically advancement in historical findings (Jill 2007). A form of cannon is a heavy artillery weapon that is large enough to required mounting for firing. It is used on a warship and tracked vehicle. It is also more recently used, it is a rapid firing gun mounted on aircraft during air combat. Historically, medieval weapons are indeed a true evolution over what has been in existence earlier. Weapons are made with technologically skilled military personnel themselves who have witnessed the need for exact perfection over outdating weaponry tools. Ever since this inventory time, human being cannot forget the importance of paying close attention to weaponry industries in the role of killing. Most early technological advancement in weapon is in the area of rebranding metallic tools (Jill 2007). Steels crafting provides advancement over iron tool in that there is advantage of pliability, durability and more sharpened edges that kills faster with minimally applied effort. The prehistoric use of simple weapons like sword and catapults during personal fight evolved into a refined iron alloy (steel) in producing some materials and others like arrows and axes. Still an advancement of steel is the melting process that increases steel characteristic qualities to give increasing satisfaction of flexibility and light-weighted weapons. In middle ages of history, the little sword of prehistoric tools was not left over in the technological advancement that evolves over time in weaponry. There is stronger building materials for sword, the attached blade now has sharper edges and less likely to brake or bend in fierce use and above all, there exist flexibility in swinging to the direction of desired target to kill (Rick 2007). As part of a community war pride in the middle age was the possession of technologically advanced sword of a caucus over the order. Second to this is the experience of man power in their usage over time. The shaping took change into wide flat bladed sword with a guarding close to the handle. These were the technological advancement that caught up with sword in the middle age era. Others include the sharp pointing end that made it potent when forcefully thrust on an enemy at a distance before close contact. During the advancement, there was also the arrival of â€Å"bastard sword† in the fourteenth century. The potent weapon can be maneuver with a single hand, having a narrower and sharply pointing end that accomplished ultimate killing at a distance thrust. Evolutionary advancement was also recorded for bows and catapults. Producers became more proficient in crafting suiting tool that can increase swift killing thus, making advancement over older fashion (Rick 2007). The trend was historical advancement in the production of crossbows to a later substitution with long bows. More inventory techniques increase the production speed in order to outrun enemies’ arsenal and armory. The success of technological advancement is also in the place of speed and accuracy. The deadlier catapult was also part of the discovery credited to advancement in technology. Examples were â€Å"ballista and mangonels† advancement with the evolution of â€Å"trebuchet†. The trebuchet is a medieval siege engine with a sling attached to a wooden arm for flinging large stones with great projectile. Some version could be that effective as to throw over three hundred pounds or stone. With the increasing requirement by war men, trebuchet indeed was a significant advancement over catapults in the middle age by lifting the older approach in castle war with more siege capturing. Weapons in the Pre-Modern Age The rebirth of weapons into modernized tools is peaked in the invention of sophisticated firearms. There was notable advancement in the approach to battle field with the production of early guns and rocket-propelled weapons. The advancement here is such a resounding one as it touched the basis of energy transfer. Firearms qualitatively improve over other previous weapon in that the energy is not transferred by the tensile string or weighty object but by simple particles – gunpowder or other combustible explosives. The rapidity of energy transfer is also remarkably outstanding over earlier weapons. There is no time lagging in recoiling requirement when compared to primitive weapons. Firearms were markedly used during 16th to 19th centuries where there were several moments of ongoing conflict among nations. Notable conflicts that result into war during this era were proliferation of many European nations in the establishment of empires without official ceding. Some of the newly formed European federation survived with the won battle aided by evolution of firearms. Firearm continually received efficient development with more effortless triggering ignition to initiate firearm shot. Another beneficiary of technological advancement during early modern age is the U. S. Civil War against proliferated Federation of United State. This war featured the use of machine gun and ironclad warship. Up till today, these tools still find their relevance in the military armory. Armored ships also advance in the substitution of fueling with fossil fuel. These age equally witness rifle development over sword. This invention was an icon in the revolutionary history of military technological advancement quest. Shortly we enter the industrial age where we had advancement in the escalation of aircraft and armored tanks. There was not a significant improvement on the land combat weapons. Technological Improvement of Weapons in The Modern Age Figure 3. Soldier handling Machine Gun The beginning of 20th Century was welcome with cruel war between India and French where there is virtually absence of mechanically driven weapon for rifle weaponry. This era is often referred to â€Å"The Age of Rifles† since the least weapon used in battle field is reduced to rifle. Foot soldiers used rifle and canon for combat. Furthermore, there was the introduction of more mechanized weapons like machine gun with high capacity to shoot at distance. Other notable technological advancements in this era were aircraft carriers supplied for naval warfare. The evaluation of weapon inventories with important chronological event in this period would make one conclude that World War I heralded a full industrial revolution. More so, weapons modern proliferated at a higher rate with skilled technology without compromise on standard. The evolution of biotechnology also birthed chemical and biological weapons during this age. The availability of motor vehicle is also significant in the record of technological advancement since this aid weapons’ maneuvering during war as opposed to footing in the earlier centuries. Ever since the time of World War II, the evolution of more mechanized and sophisticated weapons set a standard for the rest of military advancement. This poised the invention of atomic bomb during this time (1939 to 1945). Post World War II Technological Improvement on Weapons The immediate war post WWII was cold war. During this period, the technological advancement peaked with the nations boosting of nuclear power that can destroy the world within few seconds. The drive continues in the invention of weapons of mass destruction and counter weapons. Another recent technological advancement in weaponry is the introduction of ballistic missile known as Intercontinental Ballistic Missile (ICBM). There was also the development of hydrogen bomb and other war missiles. Despite many conflict of interests, the basis of existing peace among nations is sometimes traced to mutual possession of these nuclear power and ICBM by the two powerful war giants. There exist an atmosphere of peaceful comport since a breach in peace could lead to proportional destruction. The peak of technological advancement in the invention of nuclear weapons almost made its discovery useless since the achieved destruction through them is highly non specific at targeted enemy. It use could return the world back into the historic era where economic crisis dealt on the world sequel to WWII destruction. The proposed loss with the use of nuclear power would be rather more devastating. It is vital to further point out the invention of computerized weapons few years back. It aids precision and accuracy of target. Two notable ones are â€Å"precision-guided munitions and computer-aided tank rounds†. Furthermore, the present modern age with ICT and other developments in the 21st century, helped improves on night vision through goggles gadget that is technologically powered to see clearly at night like day vision. This is important among land combatant in a strange environment. Identification of target at long distance is equally now possible with the weaponry tools of high technological surveillance gadget and automated aerial. Modern communication enhancement also contribute immensely to effective coordination of weapons and controllers, hence, Information technology advancement has brought tremendous improvement to weaponry (U. S. Congress, Office of Technology Assessment 1995). In conclusion, chronological history of weapon technology improvements from the Middle Ages to the present day has demonstrated vast growth in man search to possess power and protect it with unending weaponry development every century. It is not unlikely for technologist to soon invent the mother of all advancements in weapon engineering considering the need for competitive possession of power and acquisition of protective gadgets with the most sophisticated version in a dynamic global village. Works Cited Anthony, Isaac. Understanding Physics and Weapon of War (1988). New York: Barnes & Noble. p. 88. Hartmut Thieme. Lower Palaeolithic hunting spears from Germany. Letters to Nature. Nature 385, 807 – 810 (27 February 1997). Hind, Edward, My Magazine: Being a Series of Poems, Tales, Sketches, Essays, Orations, Etc. ,: The Present Age – An oration J. and H. Clarke, London, 1860. Jill D. Pruetz1 and Paco Bertolani, Savanna Chimpanzees, Pan troglodytes verus, Hunt with Tools†, Current Biology, March 6, 2007 Medieval Weapon History – An Evolution in Killing. Site Available at: www. medieval-castle-siege-weapons. com Pijush Roy, Paul, Akshoy, Sanchayan Mukherjee. Mechanical Sciences:Engineering Mechanics and Strength of Materials (2005). Prentice Hall of India. p. 215.

How does Golding build up to the final emergence of the beast on the island? Essay

In this essay, I will be covering the element of the novel, â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, in which the â€Å"beast† emerges and causes the spread of evil amongst the group of boys. I will also explain how this has significance throughout the novel, how the previous events build up to this moment, why William Golding included this section, and his reasoning for writing the novel. The novel â€Å"Lord of the Flies† raises controversial issues of morality, basic human instinct and society in general. William Golding, the author of â€Å"Lord of the Flies†, portrays very strong beliefs concerning the capacity for evil, inborn into every human being, and these beliefs are portrayed throughout the novel in the way that the learned morals of civilisation and society gradually slip away from the group of boys, and they degenerate into savages, to eventually represent the â€Å"beast† on the island. This is what Golding believed was the â€Å"capacity for evil†. He suggested that, once all learned morals of society have slipped away, leaving only the raw nature which humans first possessed, there is a space where civilisation used to lie; the capacity for evil. He calls it this because he believed, that when all morals are non-existent, and human beings have absolved themselves from responsibility, there is nothing to prevent humans from committing evil deeds. Golding served as a naval officer during the war and through his experience, and through what he saw, he gradually learned that human nature was, perhaps, not as civilised as he previously perceived. He was appalled by how people were ready and willing to harm their fellow men knowing that that there would be no consequences and no reprimand for their actions; the Nazi concentration camps, where Jews were exterminated like rats, the way that the Japanese mistreated their prisoners, the mass bombing of civilians by Britain and America, and even some of the actions that he himself carried out upon people who were not even responsible for the situation. People would do things that they would never have contemplated, had the responsibility been theirs. People justified their actions by holding the belief that â€Å"right† was on their side; however, Golding soon began to question whether people actually believed this, or whether they were just trying to convince themselves that they were not doing wrong. He learned that without rules and boundaries, all human nature could turn savage and unrepentant. In a psychological experiment carried out in America, to observe the limits of human nature, it emerged that, if people were absolved of all responsibility for their actions, and if the responsibility for their action lay with somebody else, then a person was capable of doing things to their fellow human beings that they would’ve previously never have contemplated, had they been limited by the confinements of civilisation and the responsibilities of society. This is shown in the book, by the boys’ capacity for evil rising in proportion to the loss of moral confinements and civilisation. Throughout the novel, the evil on the island is represented by the idea of the â€Å"beast† which is eventually unleashed from within the boys, after all traces of the morals of civilisation have vanished. Throughout the novel, Golding uses strong images and underlying implications to build up to, and prepare the reader for the moment that the â€Å"beast† emerges and causes the ultimate destruction of everything that represents civilisation on the island. The setting for the novel is on a tropical island, often associated with paradise. This is a parallel with R.M. Ballantyne’s â€Å"Coral Island†, where a group of boys are deserted on a desert island, and work together to from a society in which they can function. When reading â€Å"Lord of the Flies† the immediate images that are conveyed, are ones of a tropical paradise, and the immediate conclusions drawn, are that the boys will be able to function correctly. However, in order to convey his deep concerns regarding human nature and the capacity for evil, Golding creates images very early on in the book, that suggest the island is not quite the paradise that we initially perceived it to be. Weaved intricately amongst the descriptions of the island as a paradise is imagery suggesting a malevolent presence; â€Å"witch-like cry† and the religious inferences of the fruits, such as in the Garden of Eden, which actually makes the boys ill, and gives them diarrhoea, all suggest the somewhat sinister undertones of the novel, which unfurl to a greater level as the novel progresses. We are introduced to Ralph and Piggy very early on in the novel, and we become immediately aware of the social divide between the two, a factor that will unite the boys later in the novel. Ralph is a well spoken and considers himself to be superior to Piggy, because Piggy speaks with poor grammar in comparison. This creates an outsider early on in the novel, and Piggy becomes a subject of ridicule, somebody that doesn’t matter, and someone who provides an easy target for murder, once the boys have degenerated into savages. In the first chapter, after Ralph has blown the conch and all of the boys have gathered, we are given our first impression of the choir as a â€Å"beast† or a creature. â€Å"Something dark was fumbling along†¦the creature stepped from mirage onto clear sand†. The choir has a military style of discipline, which is more apparent than the disciplines of their religion, and they obey Jack when he gives orders. We become aware instantly of Jack’s desire for power, and of the authority that he can command. When Jack comes forward, he â€Å"vaulted onto the platform with his cloak flying† which gives the impression of a creature of mythological evil, such as a vampire. This is where we first become aware of the prominence of Jack, and it hints at the possibility of Jack becoming some sort of dominating, evil presence in the novel. There is also the connection between Piggy, and the hunting of the pigs, which are considered to be of a lower standing in the food chain on the island; they are inferior, as is Piggy. From the beginnings of the novel, Jack sees Piggy as almost below human, and uses him as a target, when in reality, it is Jack who is the first to descend below humanity. There is a theory, regarding the degeneration into a tyrannical society, that, for this descent to begin, it is necessary to find â€Å"an inferior†, which is what all of the boys, with exception possible to Simon, find in Piggy. This provides a base, very early in the novel, for society on the island to degenerate into tyranny and savagery. The boys begin with an idea for the island of paradise; they will form a civilised society, and begin by having a vote on who should be the Chief. The idea of a vote excites them; it is an â€Å"adult† thing to do, a symbol of democracy, as is the conch, but is also a symbol of their old life and of society in general, an aspect which all of the boys wish to recreate on this island. Jack is adamant that he should be the chief, again confirmation of his desire for power. He justifies his claim with â€Å"simple arrogance, â€Å"because, I’m chapter chorister and head boy. I can sing C sharp.† His claim to chieftaincy are all physicality’s, he does not have leadership qualities, and his desire for physical power emerges further as the novel progresses, e.g. the whipping to initiate people into his tribe etc. Jack cares deeply about what the other boys think of him, and when he is not chosen as chief, Jack’s face disappears â€Å"under a blush of mortification† which implies that, for the rest of the novel, Jack may always have this deep jealousy of Ralph, and eventually try to displace him as leader. As this tension build up through the novel as the morals of society become less apparent, Jack’s attempt to displace Ralph completely ends with him ordering the killing of Ralph, when the taboo’s of the old life have completely disappeared. When Ralph tells Jack that the hunters are his to be whatever he wants them to be, he is quick to decide that they should be hunters, almost like some primitive tribe, which is eventually what the boys shall become, beginning with pigs and then eventually other members of the group. The hunter’s capacity to kill living things increases as the rules of society that are etched in their minds are forgotten. We are given subtle hints by Golding, that there is something particular about Jack, which leads him to express the evil side or the â€Å"beast† in his personality more so than other characters. Once Jack has degenerated to this level, it enables others to do so, as it absolves them from the responsibility and consequences of their actions, being part of on mass rather than being an individual. Firstly, Jack is shown to dislike democracy, when he â€Å"started to protest† at the idea of a vote for the Chief. He is more in favour of a dictatorship than a democracy, and with the formation of his own tribe, he becomes more than a leader, â€Å"†¦ painted and garlanded, sat there like an idol.† He doesn’t really care what others want, so long as he is happy. Jack is more likely to forget the rules and regulations of society if he were to benefit from doing so. Despite losing out in the vote, Jack and Ralph still wish to work together, â€Å"Jack and Ralph smiled at each other with shy liking† symbolising the need for cooperation in society, an image that is still firmly imprinted on the mind of every boy on the island. We become aware of the destruction on the island caused by the boys, very early on. The first instance of this is the mark made by the passenger tube of the plane on the island, which is described as a â€Å"scar†. The boys have already to destroy the island even with the civilities of their old life, and the boys, Jack, Ralph and Simon, commit their first act of intentional group destruction, by pushing the boulder down the mountain, whilst they investigate the island. We are then led to question, with this amount of destruction caused by the boys when they are still bound by the invisible limitations of society, what are they capable of when the taboo’s of their old life have broken down? This is answered when the beast finally emerges as the basic human nature of the boys, and climaxes with the death of Simon, who symbolises the pure side of human nature. In the early part of the novel, the limitations of society are clearly apparent, for example, when Jack cannot bring himself to kill the pig, â€Å"what an enormity that downward stroke would be† he tries to make excuses for himself, he cares about what the other think, â€Å"I was choosing a place†¦I was just waiting†¦to decide where to stab him.† However, it is obvious to the reader that he could not kill the pig, because, etched in his mind, is the firm image that killing is wrong, and that in his society, it is not acceptable. When the boys get back to the rest of the group, the begin to make plans for the island, â€Å"We’ll have rules†¦Lots of rules†¦Then when anyone breaks ’em—–.†They want a democratic society, the conch symbolises this democracy, they all want to recreate the civilisation that they knew at home, even Jack. The boys compare their situation to books regarding paradise islands where they can form a society of their own. However, Golding has already hinted that things may not be quite so perfect as the boys have perceived. The boys want to have fun on this island, and enjoy themselves, which could be seen as the eventual downfall of the boys and of the society that they try to create. As their society becomes forgotten, rescue, the most important thing in the beginning, becomes less important, and having fun dominates the agenda of most boys. When Ralph talks about the island, he says that things need to be done, and that they need to be rescued, but until then, they shall have fun. â€Å"It’s a good island. Until the grown-ups come to fetch us we’ll have fun.† This is ironic because, in Chapter Eight, when Simon is talking to â€Å"The lord of the Flies†, it says to him, â€Å"We are going to have fun on this island. Understand? We are going to have fun on this island!† implying that the beast within each boy is ultimately their desire for â€Å"fun†, and when the taboo’s of the old life have vanished, the beast can fully emerge and enable the boys to become absolved of all remorse that their old life would have made them feel. The first instance of â€Å"the beast† being manifested from the human mind as a physical thing is when the small boy is urged forward, and speaks to Piggy. He has ideas of a â€Å"snake thing† and a â€Å"beastie† of which the older boys are dubious of at first. However, the general mood of the boys changes, â€Å"There was no laughter at all now and more grave watching.† Despite Ralph’s being adamant that the beast does not exist, many of the other boys are not sure, and this is the first time in the novel that the beast becomes a real prospect. When the boys first decide that they need a fire, all of the boys are keen to join in. They are working as one. Jack takes pride in his civilised world, â€Å"we’re not savages. We’re English, and the English are best at everything.† This is also ironic, for it is in fact Jack who degenerates into such a savage, capable of unspeakable deeds when not bound by the rules of society. When the fire rages out of control, it is another symbol of the destruction caused by the boys. It is describes almost as an animal, â€Å"a bright squirrel† â€Å"began to gnaw† â€Å"a kind of wild life, crept as a jaguar†¦Ã¢â‚¬  this is also referring to the possibility of the group of boys again causing destruction as one body, as an animal, which later becomes apparent when all of the boys, including Piggy and Ralph, become absorbed in the primitive dance as one body, which ends with the death of Simon. Ralph begins to see the capacity for destruction on the island, â€Å"the beginnings of awe at the power set free below them†¦the awe made him savage.† This is ironic because it is Ralph who, despite becoming involved in the dance that kills Simon, does not descend to savagery. The third chapter begins with Jack, crouched down on a hunt, and acting as a true hunter would, following a trail, examining a cracked twig etc. We are introduced to a side of Jack that is more animal-like, he is described as â€Å"dog like† and this is a reflection on how he begun the gradual descent to savagery. Whilst he still bears the majority of the social qualities imprinted on his mind, it is now very easy to believe that he may have lost the social factor which prevents him from harming another creature, and that the prospect of Jack killing a pig, is now very possible. When he fails to catch the pig, he join the others on the beach where Ralph and Simon are attempting to build the shelters, without the help of the others, who have all gone off to play. This is a reminder of the desire for fn, they don’t want to work, and this desire for fun, part of a series of events that will ultimately lead to the emergence of the beast. This is also the first incident in which we see the conflict of ideas from Ralph and Jack, and we see the conflict of interests as Jack’s moral values deteriorate. Ralph ants to get the shelters finished, whereas Jack wants to hunt, â€Å"They were both red in the face and found looking at each other difficult.† When they change the subject, it eventually leads to the beast again, how the â€Å"beast† frightens the â€Å"littluns† and how they are beginning to doubt the island themselves, and the luxuries that they once thought is gave them. When Simon suggests that it is â€Å"as if the beast ie†¦or the snake thing was real.† this causes a slight apprehension amongst the boys, and, whilst they attempt to disregard the thoughts of the beast, the presence is undeniably felt. When Ralph talks about being rescued, we are given another subtle hint of Jack’s gradual loss of civility when â€Å"Jack had to think for a moment before he could remember what rescue was.† His priorities have changed, he no longer cares so much about being rescued, but he is being consumed by the will to hunt and have fun, he is being consumed by the beast from within himself. Throughout the novel, Simon is portrayed as an almost prophetic figure, with an ability to see the truth of situations. His refuge is in the forest, in an area surrounded by bushes adorned with flowers similar in appearance to candles, he seeks nature. A bush with candles on it is a symbol of the church, and this imagery further confirms his role as a prophetic figure. There is also the religious inference at Simon’s death and the manner in which he was killed; a prophetic figure murdered by his own people. At the beginning of Chapter Four, it become clear that the boys have now adapted to the natural method of time keeping; the Sun, as opposed to traditional methods, which would have been prominent in their society. This is again symbolic of the loss of the influences of their old way of life, which in turn leads to the descent into savagery. Despite this, many of the boys still felt the ties with their old way of life very strongly, as if it was etched deeply into the far reaches of their minds, and despite the gradual descent suffered by the vast majority of the boys, many had not descended to the extent that Jack had. For example, when Roger and Maurice kicked over the sand castles built by some of the younger children, this is symbolic of the destruction of the society that they knew. However, when Maurice kicked sand in the young child’s eye, he â€Å"still felt the unease of wrong-doing†¦formed the outlines of an excuse.† Also, when Roger throws stones at one of the young children, he threw to miss, because, â€Å"there was a space around Henry†¦into which he dare not throw. Here, invisible yet strong, was the taboo of old life†¦the protection of parents and school and policemen and the law. Roger’s arm was conditioned by civilisation.† The next stage in Jacks deterioration is when he absolves himself of responsibility, and liberates himself behind the mask. It became a new face, he became â€Å"an awesome stranger† and Jack’s â€Å"laughter became a bloodthirsty snarling†¦the mask was a thing on it’s own, behind which Jack hid, liberated from shame and self consciousness.† The snarling is symbolic of Jack’s descent to his basic animal instincts, to hunt and survive, and now that he has been liberated from shame, it suggests that he could now be capable of anything without remorse. It is also this chapter in which Jack’s hunters let the fire out in order to go hunting, when there is a ship on the horizon and the possibility of rescue is more real. However, with no signal, they are not rescued. This is what finally portrays to the reader Jack’s loss of morals, when he has killed his first pig and is confronted by Ralph for letting the fire out. Jack is â€Å"vaguely irritated by this irrelevance but too happy to let it worry him†. It is clear from this that Jack has forgotten the importance of the fire because the civilisation of his previous life has been forgotten, and he is also incredibly satisfied at killing his first pig, something that he would not have contemplated doing had the morals of his old life been present. We can see from Jack’s actions that the lack of civilisation has allowed him, gradually, to lose all morals and this has allowed him to degenerate to the level of a savage. The group, as a whole, have not lost the morals of their old life to the extent that Jack has, and this can be seen in stages of the dance, when they mime the killing of the pig. The first stage is symbolic of the slight loss of morals, which has enabled them to hunt. When Maurice enters the ring as they chant, the mimed the actions, â€Å"pretended to beat him.† Later in the novel, when Robert plays the part of the pig, the actions of the group are a lot more sinister, and they cause real pain to him. After wards, they try to justify it as â€Å"a good game† nothing more. The final stage of the groups decline is when they perform the dance that ends with the death of Simon. In Chapter Five, Ralph calls a meeting and we see all together, the extent to which the society has diminished, due to the loss of morals. He talks about people getting frightened, again symbolising the indisputable presence of the beast on the island. Jack takes this opportunity to exert his authority, he could hunt the beast, and he knows that if he can make the others rely on him to keep them safe from the beast, they will trust him. One child, who wished to speak, begins to tell Piggy the information that had been drummed into his head from his old life, his name, address and telephone number. When he cannot remember, we are reminded of the gradual loss of civilisation, which was once firmly imprinted into the minds of all children on the island. When he says that the beast comes from the sea, the other boys begin to doubt their own belief that the beast does not exist, and the meeting descends into disorder. When Simon speaks, he tries to convey his own interpretation of the beast. His interpretation of the beast is that is something that comes from within people, but he lacks the articulate vocabulary that he needs to express his views, and nobody can understand what he means. Simon is the most perceptive of the boys on the island, and he has the ability to see the truth of the situations, but he does not have the means to convey his thoughts. At the end of the chapter, Ralph prays for a message from the grown up world, and in Chapter Six, they receive one. However, no boy is awake to see what it really is, and it becomes, for the boys, the embodiment of the beast, when, as the reader knows, this is not the case. It is Sam ‘n Eric who are first to spot the â€Å"beast†, whilst they are manning the fire. The boys became united in the need to rid the island of this beast, but the opposing characters of Jack and Ralph are shown again. Jack sees this as a real hunt, whereas Ralph is more realistic about the prospect of hunting the beast. This brings the two to argue again, and they eventually decide to go up the mountain. When Ralph goes on his own, he sees the sea, describes as â€Å"some stupendous creature†¦the sleeping leviathan† as a horrible monster, or almost as a beast. It is as if the beast has begun to swallow the island, and become part of everything around the boys. Ralph begins to long for the luxuries of his old life, to â€Å"cut this filthy hair right back to half an inch†¦have a bath†¦with soap†¦a toothbrush would come in handy too.† He is the only boy who is consciously remembering the ways of his old life, and yearning for them. When Simon speaks to him, he tells him â€Å"I just think you’ll get back all right.† Notice the use of you’ll and not we’ll, it is almost as if Simon has foreseen his own death. There is evidence that, despite Ralph never actually descending to the level of a savage, he does feel compelled to join in with the hunters, and actually becomes part of their society, albeit only temporarily, to join in with some of the deeds that are incomprehensible as an individual. For example, he joins the other boys on a hunt, and hits a pig with the spear. He gains a great deal of joy out of doing this, which symbolises the overall demise of everything that good and civilised on the island, and not even Ralph can escape it. After this, the hunters, including Ralph, re-enact the hunt, with Robert playing the part of the pig. Whereas before, the dances such as this were not violent, all of the boys become absorbed in this primal dance, gaining satisfaction out of hurting another human. â€Å"Robert was screaming and struggling with the strength of the frenzy.† â€Å"Ralph too was fighting to get near†¦The desire to squeeze and hurt was over-mastering.† Ralph uneasily tries to justify what he just did. He knows that it was wrong, but as a member of the hunt, he was no longer an individual, and became capable of causing harm to another. This shows how the beast has become an overwhelming power amongst the boys, even Ralph. When Jack sees the â€Å"beast† on the mountain, he is absolutely terrified, which makes us remember that he is only a child, despite what he has done on the island, due to his loss of morals and ethics. The â€Å"beast† is â€Å"something like a great ape† a simile used often in the novel to symbolise evil. When they tell the other boys, Jack comes to the conclusion that the beast is a hunter, which reaffirms his â€Å"age old tremors in the forest† and the feeling that he had, when he was hunting, of being the hunted. Jack becomes insulted by Ralph, and tries to turn the other boys against him. He tries to displace him as chief, and fails. His concern for what others think of him causes hi great embarrassment, â€Å"Slowly, the red drained from Jack’s cheeks, then came back with a painful rush.† He decides that he can no longer remain under Ralph’s Chieftaincy, and left to form his own tribe, inviting others to join him. Initially, nobody does, but gradually, more and more of the boys leave to join Jack’s tribe. Jack has the ability to unite the boys against a common enemy, for most of the part this was Piggy, an obvious outsider, and this ability to unite the group is similar to the fascist leaders in the Second World War. Because Golding wrote the novel shortly after World War Two, after the devastation had swept through the world, he was able to witness the power of the fascist leaders such as Hitler and Mussolini, and the effect they had over the people who they ruled. Golding depicts the power of the leaders in the book, and Jack’s character resembles the fascist powers of the war. The way in which Hitler came to power is similar to the way that Jack eventually displaces Ralph. The situation in Germany after the First World War was one of devastation and despair. The reparations that the Germans were forced to pay and the Wall Street Crash crippled the German economy and people rebelled against the government. Hitler used this as a way to gain support and become powerful, promising Germans that he would make their country strong again, and provide them with the things that they needed. People joined him out of desperation, needing the things that he was promising. This is similar to the way Jack gained support, because he was aware of the doubt and fear that was spreading through the boys. He promised them meat and fun, which they gratefully accepted, leaving Ralph to join Jack’s tribe. Simon suggests climbing the mountain, to see the beast. But nobody else agrees. Climbing a mountain is one of the oldest symbolisations of the struggle and the search for truth. When Simon does climb the mountain on his own, he does find the truth, and we are led to the moment where the beast is finally unleashed within the boys, and Simon is killed before he can tell them the good news. When Jack has formed his own tribe, and they go to hunt together, we see that Jack has now become a savage with no remorse, just barbaric cruelty. This is inferred when they kill the sow, for not only will she die, but the piglets also, who would have fed them in the future. It is no longer about hunting for food, but for pleasure and satisfaction of hurting another living being. Jack insists on leaving the head as an offering for the beast, he sees it as a superior hunter, almost as a god, and that they should worship it. Jack’s tribe, towards the end of the novel, are described as savages, which suggest they have completely abandoned all civilisations, and lead the lives of animals. The reasons for this can be linked to the theories held by Charles Darwin, who formed the theory of evolution, in which the fittest survive, creating a species of increasing strength. A prime example of this occurrence is in groups of wild animals, such as lions. Only the strongest male is allowed to mate with the females, and must fight off competition from other males. Although there were no females on this island, Jack displayed natural urges such as this, because the basic instinct in humans is the same as the basic instinct in animals, and that this basic instinct to lead and be powerful is still present. The language that Golding uses when the boys hunt, suggests that the sexual desire to hunt and be the leader is still present, even thought there are no females on the island. The boys follow the pig, â€Å"wedded to her in lust† which shows natural sexual instinct, which is present in nature; the male lion wants to become the leader of the pack in order to produce offspring. Once Jack had gained control of the group, he began to create fear amongst the boys. He reinforces the idea of the beast by leaving an offering for it. This makes the boys fear more extreme; if Jack believes in the beast, then surely it must be real. The tension, which builds up to the point when the beast emerges, is symbolised by the weather. â€Å"There were no shadows under the palms†¦only this strange light†¦among the bulging clouds thunder went off like a gun.† This tension builds up as this section of the novel progresses, and is constantly symbolised by the build up of the weather, which climaxes with the storm as the actions of the boys climax with the killing of Simon. As Simon speaks the Lord of the Flies, (which literally translates as Beelzebub, or the Devil), he hears the Lord of the Flies say what he already knew, deep down, but could not convey to the others. â€Å"I’m the Beast†¦You knew didn’t you? I’m part of you?†¦I’m the reason why it’s no go.† Simon is aware that this represents the beast that is present in all of the boys. â€Å"You know perfectly well you’ll meet me down there – so don’t try to escape!† This symbolises the fact that the beast is now everywhere, surrounding the island, it is part of everything, and has destroyed the limitations of society. The beast tell Simon that they shall have fun, no matter what, which corresponds with Ralph saying in the beginning of the novel that they shall have fun. It is this, the beast, the desire for fun that has brought about the destruction of society and the loss of morals. â€Å"We shall do you. See? Jack a nd Roger and Maurice and Robert and Bill and Piggy and Ralph. Do you. See?† It is almost as if Simon has foreseen his own death. The build up of tension continues, â€Å"the build p of clouds continued†¦until the air was ready to explode.† When Simon finds the parachutist on the rock, he freed him, and realises what the boys have all been afraid of, he resolves to go down the mountain, and tell the others. â€Å"the thunder exploded again†¦big drops of rain fell among them†¦the flickering light became brighter and brighter and the blows of the thunder were only just bearable.† The boys have become not a group, but a tribe, and they can think of nothing else to do, than their tribal dance. Even Piggy and Ralph take part in the dance, â€Å"under the threat of the sky, found themselves eager to take part in this demented, but partly secure society.† Ralph feels that he would rather become part of this savage society, than be completely excluded, he find some comfort in the knowledge that he is not an individually but part of a larger body. â€Å"the ring yawned emptily.† As if it needs to be filled by something. The beast is beginning to emerge, as the tribe becomes one creature, totally absolved of all responsibility for their actions, which would not apply, were they individuals, â€Å"the throb and stamp of a single organism.† the organism in effect, being the beast. The ring becomes horseshoe shaped a Zulu hunting technique, as the tension continues to build up. As Simon stumbles into the ring, the narrator refers to him as the beast, symbolic of what the boys think he is. However, in the next few lines, the narrator refers to him as Simon, suggesting perhaps that there is something in the boys that do still recognise him. It also uses the word â€Å"him† not â€Å"it†, which is very specific. If they had truly believed Simon to be the beast, then the gender would be irrelevant. The narrator then goes back to using the work beast, to imply Simon, which implies there is now no knowledge of Simon, and the boys, â€Å"screamed, struck, bit, tore†¦tearing of teeth and claws† The boys are now described as animals, they are, as one the true beast, and it has been unleashed on the island, as all traces of morals and ethics have vanished. The lack of humanity left in the boys causes them to see Simon as the beast. However, in the passage concerning Simon’s body being washed out to sea, he becomes Simon again, as the boys become themselves again, not one giant organism. Simon is made â€Å"silver† and dignified, marble like, by the sea taking him back to nature, the very thing that he originally sought after. Simon’s death symbolises the death of belief, of decency and compassion, and the ability to see the truth. It has led to the total demise of good and decency on the island. Also, now that they have seen the parachutist, they believe in the beast more than ever, and now Simon is dead, there is nobody who can tell them the truth, and Jack uses this fear of the beast to control his tribe. Ralph is the only boy who can admit to what they have done to Simon, even Piggy tries to justify what they did, but only Ralph admits that it was murder, which symbolises the fact that Ralph has not quite succumb to the beast, as the majority of the other boys have done. The final taboo on the island was to kill another human, and now that this taboo has been broken, there is nothing to stop Jack from doing whatever he desires. Not only has Jack degenerated to this level, but also other members of his tribe have, and we see this later in the novel, when Ralph and Piggy go to see Jack at the other end of the island, for it is Roger, not Jack who drops the boulder, killing Piggy, and smashing the conch. With the destruction of the conch, democracy is destroyed, which is symbolic of the fact that democracy is a fragile thing, and can only work when everybody believes in it. In this novel, Golding was questioning the capacity for evil in all humans, and whether the basic instinct of all humans is evil, where they will stop at nothing for the basic desire for power, but that civilisation prevents this from being exposed. Throughout the novel, we can see that, in Golding’s opinion, human nature has the ability to turn savage, under the right conditions. The boys begin with a glorious image, similar to that of Coral Island of a beautiful island paradise, which they can inhabit and live happily and have fun until they are rescued. In the beginning we see that the boys have a strong desire to recreate a society similar to the one that they have just left. They want rules and regulations, and all of the things that make a civilised society work. Despite this, we see that, in Golding’s opinion, without the moral restraints that are present in a civilised society, the basic human nature to survive will kick in, causing all traces of morals and ethics to be forgotten, until the human has degenerated into a primeval savage, capable of doing anything in order to survive. They become not human, but animals, beasts, and this emerges as the morals of their old life disappear. He believed that it was society that gave you an identity, without society, and therefore identity, humans would become absolved from all responsibilities and could therefore commit un-comprehendible deeds without remorse. I believe, that there is the basic capacity in all humans for evil, a capacity to hurt and kill descending from the days where it was necessary for humans to hunt and kill in order to survive, yet I believe that the capacity for evil is not as extreme as Golding portrays in his novel. For Golding implies that, without the presence of civilisation, humans would act in a way that they would have been required to behave in order to survive, and degenerate until they are no more than animals, or beasts. By this he implies that, led by their desires and needs, and absolved of responsibility, the natural instinct for humans is to behave in an evil manner. I disagree that humans are evil, because otherwise how could civilisation have developed in the first place? If everybody acted in an evil way, then this behaviour would have been considered acceptable, and â€Å"normal† and nobody would feel the need to say what was right and what was wrong, because everybody would behave in the same manner. If this was the case, actions such as murder would be accepted as any other essential impulse would be such as eating or sleeping, however, this is not the case, because society has taught us that these things are wrong. This shows that there is an even larger capacity in human nature for good and decency, which overcomes the capacity for evil and enables humans to form a civilisation. So human nature is not basically evil, despite people that do evil things, when absolved of responsibility, people do what they feel is necessary at any given moment, which may be an evil deed, such as those seen by Golding in the war. This does not mean, however, that these people are evil, merely that they are doing what they feel is necessary at that given time, in their case, to save their country. Of course it is undeniable that there are people who do murder, without justification, and people who do commit evil deeds without necessity, but it must be remembered that these are part of a vast minority, and this is not present in the basic human nature, which has a far greater capacity for good than evil.

How did Hitler come into Power essays

How did Hitler come into Power essays A dichotomy is a division of two entities into mutually exclusive or contradictory groups. In Viva Zapata, it was mentioned that its not the laws that govern men, but men that govern men. There is no dichotomy present here because the two arent mutually exclusive at all. A country is only as strong as those who lead it, and the laws that govern it. Without strong and enforced laws, man wouldnt have power. And without man, the laws wouldnt have power. But, the people govern the land, and they are by far more powerful than the laws. They can create and destroy laws. They are the ones who enforce the laws. People dont live their lives by the word of the law, but by the will of the people who make and enforce it. When the Weimar constitution was enacted, there were several flaws. These flaws eventually led to the rise of Hitler, and the downfall of Germany. After World War II, the constitutions of West Germany, and France were more successful. They had very strong points and allowed for stable governments The Weimar constitution was written under the guidance of Max Weber. He was a socialist, and tried to give the constitution all of the best aspects of the American constitution(*1). In the Weimar constitution, the president wasnt named as the head of the government(*2). This task was given to the chancellor, who was a party member. Because the German government was in its infancy, and often deadlocked, parliament didnt meet that often (*3). Weber had planned for this, and under Article 48, the president had emergency powers when parliament was not in session. These powers also wound up coming into effect whenever parliament was deadlocked. Some of these powers included in Article 48 were temporary dictatorial powers, defense minister or the chief of the army. The president had the right to interfere with the legislation of parliament, and dismiss the chancellor (*4). There were a fe...

Do Recruiters Read Your Resume Summary Profile Sections

Do Recruiters Read Your Resume Summary Profile Sections When I first started writing resumes, I was completely against resume summaries. I found them bland, boring and unpersuasive. Why write a summary when the real stuff is in the experience sections and bullets? I felt the same way about Skills sections. Anyone can list a bunch of skills, so what’s the point? Well, over the years, my tune has changed. The resume summary (or profile), and even the list of skills, provide a quick context for the reader that makes the rest of the resume make more sense. And the summary does not have to be boring! Ideally it will include accomplishments and career highlights that grab attention rather than set the reader on snooze. The Word from Recruiters on Resume Summaries But what I think really doesn’t matter. What matters is what recruiters and hiring managers think. That’s why I was excited to receive an article in my inbox from Career Directors International titled Recruiter Voice on Resume Summary Profile Section. I’m linking to it here, but you won’t be able to view it (or any of the many valuable articles in the CDI library) unless you’re a CDI member. Here’s a summary of what recruiters have to say on the topic of resume summaries. Do Recruiters Read the Summary Profile Sections on Your Resume? The answer is YES, thankfully, as I have been writing these for every client for 9 years. Here are some opinions and insights that you should know: Start off with the title you’re going for. And be careful to match your job title to the job you’re applying to – not to a completely different one. Include relevant strengths, years of experience, and a sense of your personality/soft skills. Don’t be afraid to toot your own horn. Highlight your successes! Provide a sense of where you’re going next. Differentiate yourself in the summary from other candidates. Customize the summary for the position you’re applying for. One size does NOT fit all. Tell your (short) story – keep it to 5 lines or less! Show off how well you put ideas together in writing. Make it flow. This is NOT an old-style â€Å"objective† statement. It’s NOT about what you want. It’s about what you will offer to the company. Remember humans will read this. Be personable! Describe your transferable skills and industry knowledge here if you have them and need to prove you qualify for the position without a specific requested skill or experience. Give the reader a sense that you can solve the problem they have. Don’t wait for the bullets to demonstrate your efficacy. Be attentive! That means no typos or grammatical errors. Here are some sample resume summaries that I think succeed in doing what the recruiters in CDI’s article recommend. As you read these, consider how your resume summary compares. Senior IT / Technology Executive Aligning Business and Technology to Increase Revenue, Expand Reach, and Deliver Results IT leader defining advanced technology strategies, architectures, and security solutions for renowned retail organizations including Amazon.com subsidiary ABC and Famous Footwear. *** Globally minded: leverages resources, offshore development teams, and partnerships to accelerate revenue, enhance transparency, and propel growth. Operations Manager | Global Supply Chain Director | Business Analyst Transformational executive leader with 20 years’ experience in supply chain, logistics, and operations (PPG, NewPage, Mead). Utilizes technology to drive profitability through improved processes and lower costs. Applies SOP expertise to guide ERP transitions (Oracle, SAP), integrate siloed divisions, and optimize operations, sales, marketing, manufacturing, and customer service. Leverages proven strategies to change culture in service of the company vision. Senior IT Project Leader – Healthcare ERP Systems ERP Implementations – Oracle / Lawson / PeopleSoft / Cloud / Epic EMR / Cerner EMR IT/ERP project manager who has delivered 30 major ERP and related enterprise-level business-systems projects globally with IBM, HP, and Big 4 consulting firm Deloitte across healthcare and medical device sectors. Healthcare ERP expertise with strategic implementation projects for hospital systems, healthcare providers, government health systems, and biotech companies. - EPIC PROJECT MANAGER CONSULTANT - Improving clinical operations through technical expertise, people focus, and knowledge of hospital workflows Project leader and innovator with 13 years in Epic’s Implementation Services Division who understands the challenges of healthcare environments, and partners with nurses, ancillary staff, and other stakeholders to enhance usability and engagement. People-centric approach allows for clarity and empathy in setting expectations, bridging IT and operational priorities, and working with users to embrace new processes. Strategic Sourcing Operations Executive VP / Director Global Strategic Sourcing | Capital Project Management | Process Engineering | Capital Finance 20+ years’ leadership across clean tech, biotechnology, pharmaceutical, food, technology, chemical, real estate. Experience spans small to large operating, consulting and technology companies including Amgen ($83B market cap), Jacobs Engineering ($7B market cap), Amyris ($200M market cap) and venture-funded start-ups. Knowledge of multiple capital service and chemical markets including US, China, India and Japan. Consistently enhances efficiencies, extract value and add to the bottom line. How is your resume summary looking to you after reading these examples? If you see room for improvement, contact us – or if you do it yourself, please send your â€Å"before† and â€Å"after† resume summary to info@theessayexpert.com. We want to see the transformation! Need help with your resume summary? Let the professional writers at The Essay Expert make you look good on paper. Check out our resume writing services.